Material Safety Data Sheet: Acetophenone

Identification

Product Name: Acetophenone
Chemical Formula: C8H8O
Synonyms: Methyl phenyl ketone, Acetylbenzene, Phenyl methyl ketone
CAS Number: 98-86-2
Use: Fragrance ingredient, intermediate in organic synthesis, solvent
Manufacturer: Provided on request for traceability
Contact Information: Emergency telephone and address listed by supplier

Hazard Identification

Hazard Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 4), Acute toxicity - Oral (Category 4), Skin and eye irritant
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, Causes skin and eye irritation, May cause respiratory irritation, Combustible liquid
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, Flame
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area, Keep away from heat or sources of ignition, Wash hands thoroughly after handling, Wear protective gloves and eye protection

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Main Ingredient: Acetophenone (C8H8O)
Concentration: ≥ 99% (typical for laboratory use)
Impurities: Trace toluene, benzene derivatives (usually <0.5%)
Other Information: No significant additives or stabilizers

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, monitor breathing, seek medical attention if symptoms persist (coughing, difficulty breathing)
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash thoroughly with water and soap, consult a nurse if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if applicable, seek medical advice if burning continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, do not induce vomiting, seek prompt medical attention and provide SDS information to responders

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide (CO2), water spray (may spread burning liquid)
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jet
Special Hazards: Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air, thermal decomposition can release carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Advice for Firefighters: Cool containers exposed to fire with water, prevent runoff from entering drains or open water

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ventilate the area, avoid breathing vapor
Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection, disposable overalls, suitable respirator if levels exceed exposure limits
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains, surface water, or soil
Spill Response: Absorb with inert material like sand or vermiculite, collect residues for disposal in approved chemical waste container, wash spill area with plenty of water

Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Avoid inhalation of vapors, prevent skin and eye contact, work with adequate ventilation or exhaust
Precautions: Keep away from sources of ignition, avoid static discharge, handle with care to prevent breaking container
Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated chemical storeroom, keep container tightly closed, segregate from oxidizers and foodstuffs
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, alkali metals

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL): OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (TWA); ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (TWA)
Engineering Controls: Fume hood, local exhaust ventilation, closed systems
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), lab coat, suitable respirator if ventilation is inadequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after handling, remove contaminated clothing, no eating, drinking or smoking in work area

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Sweet, floral, characteristic
pH: Not available (neutral in water)
Melting Point: 19-20 °C
Boiling Point: 202 °C
Flash Point: 82 °C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Slow
Vapor Pressure: 0.4 mmHg at 20 °C
Density: 1.028 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with ethanol, ether, chloroform
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 1.58
Viscosity: Not significant for handling concerns

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures, no significant polymerization reported
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizers, may produce heat and hazardous by-products
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, potentially irritating organic fumes
Conditions to Avoid: Heat sources, sparks, open flames, long-term exposure to light
Incompatible Materials: Oxidizing agents, acids, reducing agents

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 815 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rabbit): >5000 mg/kg
Inhalation Effects: High concentrations cause drowsiness, headache, nausea, respiratory irritation
Skin: Repeated or prolonged contact can lead to irritation or dryness
Eyes: Contact causes burning, redness, tearing
Chronic Effects: No proven carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity in humans, though animal studies suggest possible liver and kidney effects with high doses
Routes of Entry: Inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption

Ecological Information

Environmental Fate: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions, some persistence in anaerobic soil
Aquatic Toxicity: LC50 (fathead minnow, 96h): 55 mg/L
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low to moderate (log Kow value indicates limited potential)
Mobility in Soil: Moderate (potential to leach through sandy soils)
Additional Notes: Harmful to aquatic organisms in high concentrations, avoid release to natural waterways

Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal Methods: Incineration in authorized chemical incinerator with afterburner and scrubber, follow local and national regulations
Container Disposal: Triple rinse, then dispose as hazardous waste according to local guidelines
Special Precautions: Do not discharge to sewer, avoid contact with incompatible waste streams

Transport Information

UN Number: 1992
Proper Shipping Name: Flammable liquid, n.o.s. (contains Acetophenone)
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: III
Label: Flammable liquid
Environmental Hazards: Not a marine pollutant under current regulations, take care to avoid major spills
Special Transport Precautions: Secure upright, store away from food and oxidizers during transport

Regulatory Information

TSCA Status: Listed in the United States Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
REACH Status: Registered in European Union under existing chemicals regulation
SARA Title III: Not subject to specific reporting requirements
OSHA Status: Classified hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
California Proposition 65: Not listed
Other Regulatory Listings: Check national databases for additional proprietary information
Labeling Requirements: Comply with GHS labeling, including pictograms, hazard and precautionary statements