Aniline Material Safety Data Sheet

1. Identification

Name: Aniline
Chemical Formula: C6H7N
CAS Number: 62-53-3
Synonyms: Phenylamine, Aminobenzene
Recommended Uses: Manufacturing dyes, rubber processing chemicals, agricultural chemicals, resins
Supplier Details: Manufacturer and distributor details should include business address, contact number, and emergency information service for immediate advice.

2. Hazard Identification

Classification: Toxic to humans and animals, Flammable liquid, Harmful via inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption.
Label Elements: Danger symbol (skull and crossbones), Flammable, Health hazard pictogram.
Hazard Statements: Causes damage to central nervous system, possible carcinogen, can affect blood (methemoglobinemia), harmful if swallowed, harmful in contact with skin, can irritate eyes and respiratory system.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid exposure, use proper protection, prevent release to the environment, keep away from ignition sources, and wash thoroughly after handling.

3. Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Aniline
Purity: Typically above 99% pure for industrial use
Impurities: May include traces of nitrobenzene, phenol, or toluidine depending on manufacturing process
Other Components: None considered hazardous at trace levels under normal handled conditions.

4. First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air quickly, provide oxygen if breathing is labored, get medical attention right away.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, flush skin with plenty of water and soap, seek medical advice if irritation or systemic symptoms appear.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, hold eyelids apart, get medical help.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, offer water to drink if conscious, obtain immediate medical attention.
Symptoms: Dizziness, headache, cyanosis (bluish skin), drowsiness, nausea, confusion, rapid heart rate.

5. Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, alcohol-resistant foam.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Water may not effectively extinguish, but may be used to keep containers cool.
Specific Hazards: Gives off toxic and irritating fumes (nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide) when burned or decomposed.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Special Procedures: Evacuate area downwind, prevent runoff from fire control from entering waterways or sewers.

6. Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ventilate area, wear appropriate PPE including gloves, goggles, respirator.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, soil, or waterways.
Spill Cleanup: Absorb liquid with inert material such as sand or vermiculite, scoop into containers for disposal, clean area with plenty of water.
Emergency Procedures: Notify relevant emergency services, isolate area, use non-sparking tools.

7. Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas, avoid exposure to vapors, do not eat, drink, or smoke during use, wash hands after handling, ground and bond containers when transferring liquid.
Storage Requirements: Keep in tightly closed containers, store in a cool, dry, ventilated space away from oxidizing agents and strong acids.
Incompatible Materials: Acids, oxidizers, halogens can cause hazardous reactions.
Additional Measures: Regularly monitor storage conditions for leaks or deterioration, use secondary containment systems when possible.

8. Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (19 mg/m3) TWA; ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (7.6 mg/m3) TWA, skin notation.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, process enclosure, fume hoods as appropriate.
Personal Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (such as neoprene, nitrile), splash goggles or face shield, lab coat, respirators with appropriate filters for organic vapors.
Hygiene Measures: Remove contaminated clothing, avoid skin and eye contact as a general principle, wash before breaks and after work, shower after handling substantial quantities.

9. Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Colorless to slightly yellow oily liquid
Odor: Aromatic, unpleasant odor similar to rotten fish
Melting Point: −6.2°C
Boiling Point: 184.1°C
Flash Point: 70°C (closed cup)
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Vapor Pressure: 0.6 mm Hg at 25°C
Density: 1.0217 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with alcohol, ether, and most organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 0.90
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 615°C

10. Stability and Reactivity

Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions.
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents, acids, halogens producing toxic, potentially explosive products.
Hazardous Reactions: May polymerize or decompose at high temperatures releasing toxic fumes.
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, oxidizers, hypochlorites, nitrates.
Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, ammonia vapors, other aromatic compounds under combustion or thermal breakdown.

11. Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact.
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 250 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rabbit): 860 mg/kg
Chronic Effects: Long-term contact causes liver and kidney injury, blood disorders (methemoglobinemia).
Symptoms of Exposure: Blue discoloration of skin, fatigue, confusion, breathlessness, vomiting, collapse in heavy exposure.
Carcinogenicity: Classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (IARC Group 2A); epidemiological studies link to bladder cancer among exposed populations.
Other Health Risks: May cause allergic sensitization, nervous system depression.
Target Organs: Blood, liver, kidneys, central nervous system.

12. Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Aniline is toxic to aquatic life, LC50 (fish, 96 hr): 10–46 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately persistent, biodegrades under aerobic and anaerobic conditions but transformation products can also be hazardous.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Not significant, low log Kow, but can concentrate in aquatic organisms under high exposures.
Mobility in Soil: Mobile in soil and may leach to groundwater in some conditions.
Other Environmental Impact: Can cause oxygen depletion in rivers and streams, disrupt aquatic ecosystem balance.

13. Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal: Treat aniline as hazardous chemical waste; dispose at licensed hazardous waste facility.
Incineration: Suitable for combustion under controlled conditions, using scrubbers and filters for released gases.
Container Disposal: Triple rinse and perforate empty containers before decontamination and recycling, never reuse for food or drink.
Do Not: Release directly to sewage, water bodies, or general landfill.

14. Transport Information

UN Number: 1547
Shipping Name: Aniline
Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Labeling: Toxic, Flammable Liquid
Marine Pollutant: Yes, must not be released into the marine environment.
Special Transport Precautions: Must ship in approved containers, keep away from incompatible substances, inform carrier and receivers of risks.

15. Regulatory Information

OECD, EU, and US Regulations: Listed as a hazardous substance; subject to reporting requirements in case of release above set quantities.
SARA Title III: Section 313 (Toxic Chemical Release Inventory) requirement for facilities.
TSCA Listing: Listed on the US TSCA inventory.
REACH Status: Registered for industrial manufacture and use in the EU, restrictions for consumer products.
Workplace Regulations: OSHA, ACGIH, and NIOSH exposure limits apply.
Other Country-Specific Requirements: Manufacturers and users must refer to national lists for labeling, storage, and transport, with many authorities requiring strict documentation and environmental protection measures.