Material Safety Data Sheet: Cyclohexanone

Identification

Product Name: Cyclohexanone
Synonyms: Pimelinic ketone, ketohexamethylene
CAS Number: 108-94-1
Recommended Use: Solvent, chemical intermediate
Supplier: Local or regional distributor information required for contact
Emergency Phone: Refer to local poison control or emergency authority
Product Code: Unique identifier based on supplier tracking

Hazard Identification

Classification: Flammable liquid, Acute toxicity (oral/dermal/inhalation), Eye irritation, Specific target organ toxicity
GHS Label Elements: Flame pictogram, Exclamation mark
Hazard Statements: Causes serious eye irritation, May cause drowsiness or dizziness, Harmful if swallowed or inhaled, Flammable liquid and vapor
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, Use outdoors or in well-ventilated areas, Keep away from heat, open flames, and hot surfaces, Wear eye protection and gloves
Other Dangers: Prolonged overexposure can impact liver and kidney function

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Cyclohexanone
Concentration: Typically 99% or higher as supplied
Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₀O
Impurities: Trace cyclohexanol, water content less than 0.1%
EC Number: 203-631-1

First Aid Measures

Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for 15 minutes, remove contact lenses and seek medical advice
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical attention for irritation
Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air, rest in a comfortable position, supply oxygen if breathing is difficult, seek medical advice
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth with water, consult a physician as soon as possible
Most Important Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, nausea, eye redness, irritation
Special Notes for Provider: Symptomatic treatments, monitor respiratory and cardiac functions

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Media: Direct streams of water can spread burning liquid
Special Hazards: Produces hazardous vapors, risk of explosion with vapors in confined spaces, releases carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on combustion
Protective Equipment: Firefighters use full-body suit, self-contained breathing apparatus
Specific Firefighting Procedures: Evacuate area, cool exposed containers, contain runoff to prevent spread
Flashpoint: 44°C (111°F)
Explosion Limits: Lower: 1.1%, Upper: 9.4% (in air by volume)

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye shielding, ventilate area
Environmental Precautions: Prevent liquid from entering sewers, channels, or waterways, alert authorities if spill contaminates environment
Containment Methods: Use non-sparking tools, absorb with inert material like sand or vermiculite, collect into labeled container
Cleanup Procedures: Wash spill area with water and detergent, do not use combustible material for clean-up

Handling and Storage

Handling: Avoid inhaling vapors, use grounding and bonding to prevent static discharge, operate with local exhaust ventilation, wash after handling
Storage: Store tightly sealed in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition, incompatible with strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents, keep in original container or compatible vessels, restrict access to trained personnel
Other Precautions: Use explosion-proof electrical installations in storage and handling areas

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 25 ppm (105 mg/m³), ACGIH TLV: 20 ppm (TWA)
Engineering Controls: Mechanical ventilation, fume hoods or local exhaust
Eye Protection: Chemical splash goggles, face shield for higher risk profile
Skin Protection: Neoprene or nitrile gloves, impermeable clothing
Respiratory Protection: Organic vapor cartridge respirator or air-supplied mask if necessary
Hygiene: Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use, wash hands after handling, separate work clothing from regular laundry

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow oily liquid
Odor: Sweet, acetone-like
Odor Threshold: 0.03–40 ppm (varies by detection method)
pH: Not applicable (neutral organic molecule)
Melting Point: −47°C (−52°F)
Boiling Point: 155–156°C (311–313°F)
Flash Point: 44°C (111°F)
Evaporation Rate: 0.49 (butyl acetate = 1)
Flammability: Flammable liquid (Class II)
Vapor Pressure: 5 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density: 3.4 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 0.947 at 20°C
Solubility: 10 g/L in water; miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone
Partition Coefficient: log Kow: 0.81
Auto-ignition Temperature: 420°C (788°F)
Decomposition Temperature: Not well documented, decomposes at high temperatures
Viscosity: 2.02 mPa.s at 25°C

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizers, acids, and bases with possible risk of fire or explosion
Hazardous Decomposition: Yields carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and irritating fumes upon decomposition
Polymerization: Not known to polymerize spontaneously
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flame, static discharge, incompatible materials
Incompatible Materials: Potassium tert-butoxide, nitric acid, peroxides, strong oxidizing agents

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: LD₅₀ (oral, rat): 1535 mg/kg; LC₅₀ (inhalation, rat): 8000 mg/m³ (4 h)
Chronic Exposure: Prolonged contact may cause skin and respiratory irritation, central nervous system effects, liver and kidney damage reported in animal studies
Symptoms: Eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation, headache, nausea, central nervous system depression in severe cases
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Sensitization: Not classed as sensitizer in human data
Carcinogenicity: No evidence in standard animal or epidemiological studies
Mutagenicity: Not mutagenic in standard assays
Reproductive Toxicity: Possible reversible effects reported in animal models at very high doses

Ecological Information

Acute Aquatic Toxicity: EC₅₀ (Daphnia magna): 69 mg/L (48 h); LC₅₀ (fish): 527 mg/L (96 h)
Chronic Effects: Limited information, moderate persistence in aquatic environments, low bioaccumulation potential
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable in aerobic conditions, 90% in 28 days (OECD 301 test)
Mobility in Soil: Moderate, leaches through soil if spilled
Other Adverse Effects: Hazardous to aquatic organisms at high concentrations, proper waste management crucial

Disposal Considerations

Waste Identification: Considered hazardous waste—confirm with local and federal codes
Methods of Disposal: Dispose by incineration in a chemical incinerator meeting local regulations, do not release into drains, avoid landfill if possible
Contaminated Packaging: Decontaminate containers before recycling or disposal, follow state and federal regulations
Special Precautions: Transfer waste using impervious equipment, label appropriately for hazardous content

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 1915
Proper Shipping Name: Cyclohexanone
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Flammable liquid
Marine Pollutant: Not classified as a marine pollutant per IMDG
Special Transport Notes: Use only approved containers, securing all caps and closures, document shipping clearly to avoid misidentification

Regulatory Information

OSHA: Listed as hazardous, subject to workplace standards
TSCA Status: Included on inventory listing
REACH Registration: Registered under EC regulations, check for Chemical Safety Assessment
SARA Title III: Section 313 reporting required
WHMIS Classification (Canada): B2 (Flammable liquid), D2B (Toxic material causing other toxic effects)
Other Regulations: Check regional and local chemical handling laws for additional requirements, product safety standards update regularly