Material Safety Data Sheet: Diethanolamine (DEOA)

1. Identification

Product Name: Diethanolamine
Synonyms: DEA, 2,2′-Iminodiethanol, Diolamine
CAS Number: 111-42-2
Recommended Use: Emulsifier, surfactant, corrosion inhibitor, chemical synthesis
Manufacturer/Supplier: [Company Info]
Emergency Phone Number: [Emergency Contact]

2. Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), Skin corrosion/irritation, Eye irritation, Carcinogenicity (IARC2B - Possibly carcinogenic to humans), Specific target organ toxicity
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Pictograms: Skull and Crossbones, Exclamation Mark, Corrosive, Health Hazard
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, Causes skin irritation, Causes serious eye damage, May cause respiratory irritation, Suspected of causing cancer
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, fumes, or vapors; Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection; Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product; Wash thoroughly after handling
Routes of Entry: Skin, eyes, ingestion, inhalation
Other Hazards: Prolonged exposure increases risk of liver and kidney damage

3. Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Diethanolamine
Concentration: 98-100%
CAS Number: 111-42-2
Impurities: Water (<0.5%), other alkanolamines (<1%)
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
Molecular Weight: 105.14 g/mol

4. First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, monitor breathing, seek medical attention for coughing or difficulty breathing.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately; wash skin with soap and plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention for persistent irritation.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, seek medical attention immediately.
Most Important Symptoms: Burning sensation, redness, pain, blurred vision, headache, nausea, dermatitis
Notes for Medical Personnel: Symptomatic and supportive treatment; monitor renal and hepatic function

5. Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: High-power water jet may spread product
Specific Hazards: Material decomposes under fire to release toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, ammonia
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear
Firefighting Procedures: Move containers away from fire area if safe; cool containers with water spray if exposed to heat; prevent runoff into drains and waterways
Explosion Data: Not sensitive to mechanical impact or static discharge
Flammability: Not classified as flammable, but can burn at elevated temperature

6. Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Isolate spill area, evacuate unnecessary personnel, ensure adequate ventilation, wear suitable personal protective equipment (PPE)
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe, do not allow product to enter drains, waterways, or soil
Containment and Clean Up: Absorb with inert material (sand, earth, vermiculite), collect into suitable container for disposal, thoroughly clean contaminated area using water, ventilate area before reoccupancy
Methods for Disposal: Dispose of waste in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations

7. Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas, avoid breathing vapors, aerosol, or dust, avoid skin and eye contact, wash hands after use, do not ingest; handle in accordance with proper hygiene practices
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers, keep in cool, dry, and well-ventilated place away from incompatible substances; protect from direct sunlight, moisture, and extremes of temperature
Incompatibilities: Strong acids, strong oxidizers, strong bases, nitrates, halogenated hydrocarbons
Storage Class: Corrosive substances

8. Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV: 1 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor), OSHA PEL: Not established
Engineering Controls: Use engineering controls such as local exhaust ventilation or process enclosure to minimize exposure
Individual Protection:
Eye/Face Protection: Chemical safety goggles and face shield
Skin Protection: Nitrile or neoprene gloves, chemical resistant clothing
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved respirator if airborne concentrations exceed exposure limits
Hygiene Measures: No food, drink, or smoking in work area, remove contaminated clothing, wash hands and affected skin before breaks and after work

9. Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow, viscous liquid
Odor: Slight ammonia or fishy odor
Odor Threshold: Not available
pH: 10.5 to 11.5 (10% solution)
Melting Point: 28-30°C
Boiling Point: 269°C
Flash Point: 127°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Negligible
Flammability: Not classified as flammable
Upper/Lower Flammability Limit: Not determined
Vapor Pressure: <0.01 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 3.6 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.09 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Completely soluble in water, soluble in alcohols
Partition Coefficient: Log Kow -2.18
Auto-ignition Temperature: 662°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not specified
Viscosity: 340 mPa·s at 25°C

10. Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage
Polymerization: No hazardous polymerization
Conditions to Avoid: Prolonged exposure to heat, moisture, sources of ignition
Incompatibility: Acids, halogenated compounds, strong oxidizing agents, nitrites
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, ammonia, toxic fumes
Reactivity: May react with certain plastics, metals (aluminum, zinc) in the presence of moisture, causing gas evolution

11. Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 710 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rabbit): 7,620 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50 not well established
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes skin irritation; prolonged contact may lead to dermatitis
Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes serious eye irritation and possible burns
Respiratory Sensitization: Irritation to respiratory tract reported; not a sensitizer
Carcinogenicity: Classified by IARC as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans)
Reproductive Toxicity: Animal studies show reproductive and developmental effects at high dose
Target Organ Effects: Liver, kidney, skin, eyes
Chronic Effects: Repeated or prolonged skin contact can cause dermatitis; chronic ingestion may affect liver/kidney

12. Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms with long lasting effects; Freshwater Fish LC50 (96 h): 4460 mg/L (Lepomis macrochirus)
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable in the environment
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low (Log Kow <0)
Mobility in Soil: High; substance migrates readily through soil
Other Adverse Effects: In large quantities, can increase pH of water; toxic to algae and aquatic invertebrates

13. Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal Methods: Recycle or dispose through licensed waste management facility; dilute and neutralize before disposal if allowed; do not discharge into sewer or waterways
Container Disposal: Triple rinse containers and dispose in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations
Special Precautions: Consult environmental authorities or hazardous waste guidelines for region-specific recommendations; avoid uncontrolled releases to environment

14. Transport Information

UN Number: Not classified as dangerous goods under most transport regulations
Proper Shipping Name: Diethanolamine
Transport Hazard Class: Not regulated
Packing Group: Not regulated
Environmental Hazards: Not a marine pollutant
Special Precautions for User: Use proper protective equipment during transport, keep container tightly sealed and upright

15. Regulatory Information

U.S. Regulations: Listed on TSCA Inventory, SARA 313 (specific chemical listing), California Proposition 65 (developmental toxicity - cancer)
EU Regulations: Listed in EINECS/ELINCS, regulation EC No 1907/2006 (REACH), hazard statements as per CLP and GHS
Other International Regulations: Complies with requirements in Canada (DSL), Australia (AICS), Japan (ENCS), and other major chemical inventories
Label Requirements: GHS pictograms, signal word, hazard and precautionary statements as per national and international regulations
Workplace Control: Refer to local occupational health and safety regulations for additional measures required